quhwfIAW ivSyS cuxOqIAW

vDweIAW! ie`k b`cy dw znm hmySW hI auqyznw Aqy KuSI dw ie`k smW huMdw hY[ ies dy nwL ieh cuxOqI Aqy nvIN ijMmyvwrI dw vI ie`k smW huMdw hY[idl dI ibmwrI nwL pYdw hoey ie`k b`cy dy mwipAW vzoN, quhwnUM ku`J ivSyS cuxOqIAW Aqy izMmyvwrIAW bwry jwgrUk hoxw pYxw hY[

quhwfy fwktr ny quhwnUM quhwfy b`cy AMdr idl dy nuks bwry d`isAw hY Aqy ivSyS ielwz bwry ijs dI ausnUM jrUrq peygI[ ieh ikqwb quhwnUM smJx iv`c mdd krygI ikvyN idl, PyPVy, Aqy KUn iek`Ty kMm krdy hn, Aqy ikvyN pYdwieSI idl dy nuks aunHW nUM pRBwivq kr skdy hn[

pYdwieSI idl dy rogW vwLy b`cy ie`k vwiers qoN PyPiVAW AMdr duSpRBwv dy mhwn Kqry qy huMdy hn ijs nUM rYspIrytrI isMkISIAl vwiers jW Awr AYs vI ikhw jWdw hY[^{1, 2} ieh ikqwb vrxn krygI quhwnUM ikauN Awpxy b`cy bwry Awr AYs vI pRBwivq hox nwL sbMiDq hoxw cwhIdw hY ikvyN qusIN Awpxy b`cy dy Awr AYs vI dy sMkt Aqy PyPiVAW dy sMBwivq sMkrmx nUM Gtwaux iv`c mdd kr skdy ho[

srIr leI AwksIzn

srIr dy Awm kwrz leI AwksIzn zrUrI hY[ lwl KUn dy sYl PyPiVAW qoN AwksIzn nUM lYNdy hn Aqy ies nUM srIr dy rwhI qMqUAW (Aqy AMgW) nUM Byzdy hn[ jdoN lwl lhU dy sYl AwksIzn nwL Bry huMdy hn, KUn dw cmkdwr lwl rMg huMdw hY[ jdoN AwksIzn nUM qMqUAW duAwrw (AMgW duAwrw) pRwpq kIqw jWdw hY, KUn ie`k gUVy nIly rMg AMdr bdl jWdw hY[ iPr ies nUM hor AwksIzn pRwpq krn leI PyPiVAW v`l Awauxw zrUrI huMdw hY[³

swrI ikirAw nUM ie`k AdBu`q pMp – idl duAwrw qwkq imldI hY[³

idl Aqy mhwn koiSkwvW

idl dy koL cwr cYNbr hn: s`jw AYtrIAm Aqy K`bw AYtrIAm (iek`Tw AYtrIAw kihMdy hW), Aqy vDyry mYskUlr s`jw Aqy K`bw vYNtrIkl[ ies qoN ielwvw, auQy mhwn koiSkwvW hn (DmxIAW Aqy nwVIAW) ijhVIAW ik idl nUM KUn ilzwauNdIAW Aqy ilAwauNdIAW hn[³

AwksIzn nUM pRwpq krnw Aqy phuMc

KUn dy srIr iv`c c`lx qoN bwAd – AwksIzn nUM srIr dy qMqUAW Aqy AMgW q`k iljwauNdw hY – ieh nwVIAW (vInw kwvw) duAwrw idl nUM vwps AwauNdw hY Aqy s`zy AYtrIAm iv`c Swiml huMdw hY[ KUn dw rMg gUVw lwl huMdw hY ikauNik ies iv`c AwksIzn G`t huMdI hY[ jdoN idl Arwm krdw hY, KUn ie`k vwlv rwhIN s`jy vYNtrIkl v`l vihMdw hY[ s`jw vYNtrIkl suMgVdw hY jW incVdw hY, PyPiVAW sbMDI DmxIAW ivc PyPiVAW vwLy vwlv duAwrw KUn nUM Byzx dy leI[ KUn PyPiVAW v`l nUM c`ldw hY ij`Qy ieh qwzI AwksIzn pRwpq krdw hY Aqy iPr hlkw lwl bxdw hY[ ieh PyPiVAW dIAW nwVIAW duAwrw K`by AYtrIAm v`l AwauNdw hY[ iPr ieh ie`k vwlv dy duAwrw K`by vYNtrIkl v`l nUM jWdw hY[ K`bw vYNtrIkl pMp AwksIzn nUM pMp krdw hY – mhw DmxI AMdr ie`k vwlv duAwrw KUn nUM Byjx leI[ mhwDmxI KUn nUM srIr AMdr ByzdI hY Aqy duAwrw pRikirAw SurU huMdI hY[ (Aglw sPw dyKo)[³

pYdwieSI idl dy nuks

hryk 100 dy ip`Cy iek b`cw idl dy nuks nwL znm lYNdw hY[ ku`J idl dy rogW dw iek pYdwieSI sbMD hY; dUijAW leI, kwrx dw pqw nhIN hY[⁴

pYdwieSI idl dy nuks, jW zKm, idl dy Bwg hn jo ik auicq qrIky nwL nhIN bxy hn[ idl dy pYdwieSI rogW dI bhuq Awm iksm hY ijs nUM "vhwA nuksW" nwL drswieAw jWdw hY ikauNik auh pRBwivq krdy hn ik ikvyN idl AMdr KUn vihMdw hY[⁵

idl dy nuksW dIAW ikhVIAW iksmW hn?
idl dy nuksW dIAW do hwlqW hn: isAwnoiktk Aqy AisAwnoivk[ isAwnoitk hwlq dy AMdr ie`k rog huMdw hY ijs iv`c srIr dw rMg nIlw huMdw hY[ isAwnois bu`lHW, msUiVAW Aqy cmVI dw rMg nIlw krdw hY[ ieh KUn kwrx huMdw hY ik auicq AwksIzn ienHW KyqrW AMdr nhIN phuMcdI hY[ ie`k AisAwnoitk idl dI hwlq vwLy dy bu`lHW, msUiVAW Aqy cmVI dw rMg nIlw nhIN huMdw hY[⁵

ku`J pYdwieSI idl dy rog vwLy b`icAW dy swh dI gqI qyz huMdI hY Aqy psInw AwauNdw hY jdoN auh KWdy jW sONdy hn[ienHW b`icAw nUM Kwxw Kwx dI sm`isAw vI ho skdI hY, psInw AwauNdw hY jdoN auh KWdy hn Aqy aunw izAwdw Bwr vI pRwpq nhIN krdy ijMnw jldI auh rog rihq idl dy hox nwL pRwpq krdy hn[⁵

ie`k pYdwieSI idl dy rog vwLy b`cy PyPVy Aqy nuksW nwL bhuq ibmwr ho skdy hn[²

idl dy pYdwieSI rogW dw ielwz³

bhuq swry idl dy rogW dw sPlqwpUrvk pRbMD kIqw jw skdw hY[ ielwz ies g`l qy inrBr krdw hY ik idl dw ikhVw Bwg pRBwivq hY[ ku`J b`icAW nUM ielwz dI loV nhIN hovygI jykr KUn pRvwh qy pRBwv bhuq QoVHw hY, jdoN ik dUijAW nUM fwktrI ielwz dI loV peygI jW idl dI sPweI jW srzrI duAwrw soDW dI loV peygI[ ku`J rogw dw ielwz kdmW AMdr kIqw jWdw hY Aqy dUijAW dw ielwz mOky qy nhIN kIqw jWdw, pr ieMqzwr kro jdoN q`k b`cw v`fw nw ho jwey[ jdoN ik bhuq swry idl dy rog Awm qOr qy "ielwzXog" nhIN hn, b`cy nUM shI qrIky nwL kMm krn dy leI aunHW dw vDIAw pRbMD kIqw jw skdw hY[⁴

iSSU Awr AYs vI dy v`fy Kqry dI pkV iv`c

Awr AYs vI qoN Bwv ryspIrytrI isMkItIAl vwiers hY[ bhuq swry b`cy Awr AYs vI nuks dy mhwn Kqry qy huMdy hn[ Asqrk b`cy Aqy purwxy PyPiVAW dy rog vwLy b`cy, jW ivckwrlI qoN gMBIr pYdwieSI idl dw rog Awr AYs vI qoN bhuq izAwdw ibmwrI dy aucy Kqry qy huMdw hY[^{1, 2}

Awr vI Ays dy auc-Kqry qoN bcwauxw quhwfy b`cy dy bhuq gMBIr Awr AYs vI dy doS dy aucy Kqry nUM G`t kr skdw hY, ijs nUM myzbwnI dI loV ho skdI hY[²

quhwfw b`cw Aqy Awr AYs vI

ikauNik quhwfy b`cy dy idl dI pYdwieSI ibmwrI aus dy KUn dI AwksIzn dI mwqrw nUM pRBwivq kr skdI hY, ieh XkInI bxwauxw mh`qvpUrx hY ik quhwfy b`cy dy PyPVy ijMnw sMBv hovy TIk kMm kr rhy hox[ ies iv`c swh Aqy swh sbMDI ibmwrI qoN quhwfy b`cy nUM bcwauxw Swiml hY, ijvyN Awr AYs vI[

Awr AYs vI kI hY?

Awr AYs vI bcpn Aqy Agyry b`cpn iv`c ie`k bhuq Awm vwiers hY[ ieh zIvn dy pihly swl AMdr bhuq Awm PyPiVAW dI sozs Aqy inmonIAw hY Aqy 2-3 swl dI aumr q`k l`gB`g swry b`icAW nUM pRBwivq krdw hY[^{1, 2, 6}

bhuq swry b`icAW Aqy bwlgW iv`c, Awr AYs vI kwrx ku`J l`Cx pYdw huMdy hn ijvyN ik ie`k qu`C zukwm ijvyN ik Gutn jW vih irhw n`k, KWsI, kMn dy nuks (keI vwr), QoVHw buKwr Aqy KuSk gLw[2 pr ku`J "auc-Kqry vwly iSSU" (sPw 8 dyKo), Awr AYs vI kwrx PyPiVAW AMdr sMkrmx kr skdy hn[ ieh b`cy iPr bhuq ibmwr ho skdy hn Aqy myzbwnI dI zrUrq vI pY skdI hY[^{1, 2}

ieh bhuq mh`qvpUrx hY ik qusI hyT ilKIAW cIzW nUM jwxo:

• Awr AYs vI ie`k bhuq Awm vwiers hY jo ik srIrk sbMD nwL PYldw hY – ijvyN ik sprS krnw, cuMmxW jW sMkrimq ivAkqI nwL h`Q imlwauxw[^{1, 7}
• kItwxU ie`k sMkrmq ivAkqI dy iC`k mwrn jW KWsI krn nwL vI hvw duAwrw PYldw hY[^{1, 7}
• Awr AYs vI kwaUNtr twp jW ie`k vrqy qMqU qy GMitAW q`k zIvq rih skdw hY[¹
• Awr AYs vI sMkrmx BIV vwLy c`l rhy KyqrW Aqy idn dI sMBwl vwLy kyNdrW AMdr izAwdw huMdw hY[<sup>1, 7</sup>
• ie`k ivAkqI vwiers dw iSkwr ho skdw hY Aqy ieh ibnW jwxy dUijAW nUM dy skdw hY[

ieh swry kwrx hn ijs kwrx quhwnUM bhuq hI zwgrUk hoxw cwhIdw hY Aqy Awpxy b`cy nUM Awr AYs vI dw iSkwr hox qoN bcwaux leI kdm cu`kxy hn[

Awr AYs vI sMkrmx dy vwprn dw rUJwn bwrS qoN bsMq ru`q q`k sMzmI mOsmW AMdr huMdw hY ijvyN ik knyfw, pr Awr AYs vI Kyqr Anuswr G`t vD skdw hY[1 Awpxy fwktr nUM pu`Cxw vDIAw hY ik kdoN Awr AYs vI quhwfy sQwnk ielwky AMdr pwieAw jWdw hY[

quhwfy b`cy nUM Awr AYs vI hox dy Kqry nUM Gtwauxw

ie`Qy bhuq swry kdm hn ijhVy qusIN, mwipAW vzoN, Awr AYs vI sMkrmx dy Kqry nUM Gtwaux leI mdd lY skdy ho, donoN GrW qy Aqy Gr qoN dUr[

• • h`QW nUM grm pwxI Aqy swbx jW Alkohl bys nwL h`Q rgV ky Dovo b`cy nUM CUhx qoN pihlW <sup>1</sup>
• jykr quhwnUM zukwm jW buKwr hY, zwgrUk hovo ik b`cy nUM cuMmx nwL sMkrmx PYl skdw hY[ Awpxy b`cy nUM Arwm nwL pkVo, jW bzwey Awpxy b`cy dy isr nUM QpQpwE[⁷
• jykr dUjy b`icAW nUM zukwm jW buKwr hovy, aunHW nUM b`cy qoN dUr r`Kx dI koiSS kro[ ieh krnw muSkl hY, ikauNik zvwn b`cy kwrx nUM nhIN smJxgy ikauN auh b`cy dy AwLy duAwly nhIN rih skdy[ quhwnUM dUjy b`icAW leI Gr iv`c r`Kx leI "ivSyS sQwn" nUM qih krn dI ie`Cw hoxI cwhIdI hY, auNJ hI ijvyN ie`k b`cy leI ivSyS sQwn huMdw hY[ rMg ibrMgIAW ikqwbW Aqy dUjIAW vDIAw gqIivDIAw aus "Kws sQwn" qy r`Ko[
• zukwm jW buKwr dy l`CxW vwLy lokW nUM Awpxy b`cy qoN dUr r`Ko
• Awpxy b`cy nUM BIV vwLy sQwnW qoN dUr r`Ko (Kws qOr qy fykyAr, pirvwr dy iek`T ij`QoN b`cy nUM Aksr auTw ky cu`ikAw Aqy cuMimAW jWdw hY Aqy dUjIAW QwvW ijvyN dukwndwrI kyNdr)<sup>1, 7</sup>
• b`cy dy Awly duAwly isgrt/bIVI/hu`kw nw pIE[ Awpxy Gr AMdr isgrtnoSI bMd kro ¹

jykr quhwfw b`cw Awr AYs vI dI pkV iv`c AwauNdw hY

pihcwx kro ik quhwfw b`cw bImwr hY jW buKwr qoN pIVq hY[ ivDI AMdr ie`k bdlwv ijvyN quhwfw b`cw ikirAw krdw hY, ijvyN ik cMgI Kurwk nw dyxw jW icVicVw hoxw, bImwrI dw pihlw icMnH ho skdw hY[ jykr G`t zukwm dy l`Cx lgwqwr rihMdy hn jW ibgVdy hn, jW quhwfy b`cy AMdr KMG ivksq huMdI hY, sItI (ie`k sItI dI Avwz) AwauNdI hY, qyzI nwL swh lYNdw hY, jW swh lYx AMdr muSkl AwauNdI hY, Awpxy fwktr nwL qurMq sMprk kwiem kro[

ku`J sDwrx qoN iBAMkr pYdwieSI idl dI ibmwrI vwLy iSSUAW leI, Awr AYs vI dIAW sDwrx hwlqW nUM gMBIrqw nwL lYxw cwhIdw hY[ quhwfw fwktr quhwnUM d`sygw kI quhwnUM vwDU swvDwnIAW lYx dI loV hY kI quhwfw b`cw Awr AYs vI qoN pIVq hY[

Awm qOr qy, Awpxy b`cy nUM in`Gw Aqy Awrwmdwiek r`Kxw XkInI bxwE[ Xwd r`Ko ik qusIN Awpxy b`cy nUM cMgI qrHW jwxdy ho!

Awpxy iksy vI svwl dy leI Awpxy fwktr nwL g`l kro[